Formal Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Formal Report - Assignment Example Business Transportation Services Co. Ltd. has a demonstrated reputation of giving transportation techniques that are both moderate and proficient. We have a gigantic armada of vehicles which take into account our customer’s need as and when it is required. We give the best arrangements. We assurance to meet or beat the cost of some other transporter. Simply show us your present agreement and we’ll give you how we can improve. We are a Pacific Northwest local bearer, so our drivers know the zone and are not as exhausted as long stretch transporters. We have an assortment of trailer sizes and types, so chances are acceptable that we can generally furnish you with devoted runs from pickup to conveyance at your office, rather than not exactly truckload (LTL) runs that must make stops for different clients. At Business Transportation Services, the customer fulfillment sits on our rundowns. Our armada of vehicles have been explicitly numbered remembering the huge number of cu stomers we take into account. Talking about of Findings: Business Transport Consultancy has an armada of vehicles which can be sent whenever. We have done some intriguing examination and discovered that regularly, organizations need to experience the accompanying issues: 1. Fuel Cost 2. Vehicle Effeciency 3. Work Charges Let’s manage the principal issue at this moment. As referenced before here the fuel is the most significant issue. To handle the fuel cost issues, we have additionally separated the proposition into 1. Cost Saving 2. Effectiveness So, in the domain of managing the skyscraper fuel costs, the initial step is to comprehend cost sparing. How might we do cost sparing? The appropriate response lies in dealing with the armada of vehicles just when their necessity happens to emerge. We give speedy and quick arrangements at whatever point our customers need to ship their products starting with one spot then onto the next. At our organization, we furnish our customers with the best arrangements taking into account their time and need. In the field of quick moving business, one can't depend on leasing the vehicle, however we go a lot farther than simply accommodating rental arrangements. The manner in which we work is that we furnish our clients with a choice to run our vehicles at some random time. You can browsed a scope of vehicles which we need to give your reasonable needs. In any case, it must be remembered that the vehicle you picked is effective in dealing with its fuel utilization. For you, the best technique right now so as to stay away from the fuel utilization issues is recruit or lease for buy contingent on the client capacity of the vehicle. Since you had 10 SUVs before to oversee you day by day transport needs, we have down that figure to five high limit vans which have exceptional lodges for lodging the greatest measure of products. The per ton limit of this high limit van far efforts the number you would have achieved with an ordi nary SUV. The petroleum productivity showed up at is not exactly the SUV, however since you can convey more merchandise, the general proportion has radically improved. Presently, when we took a gander at the date and thought about the eco-friendliness, we discovered that in connecting with 10 SUVs you were spending near 40 USD on a barrel. In any case, when you begin utilizing our high limit vans which have been explicitly structured and worked for conveying loads of merchandise and in the most proficient manner, you understand that the fuel utilization for each excursion goes down to 20 USD a barrel. That’s a drop of a large portion of the cost. This is a surprising detail as it gives us the right method of managing t

Importance of Social Marketing

Significance of Social Marketing Social promoting is goal to impact the social practices however not to profit the advertiser, yet to profit the objective market and the general public (Weinreich, 2006). While demarketing is an endeavors planned for disheartening the customer to request the item which a firm can't create in accessible item, or wouldn't like to give in a specific spots where the expense of conveyance is high and permit just a too little benefit (Business dictionary.com, 2014). In this way, in the accompanying area, it will talk about the significance of social showcasing and demarketing to tis current condition. Hence, the primary significance of the social promoting to its present condition is medicinal services. This is because of the general wellbeing is going to globalization as a mainstream issues to the entire world as long as not just worry to neighborhood networks. For instance, â€Å"36 million passings every year are brought about by non-transferable sicknesses, for example, cardiovascular malady, malignant growth, diabetes and constant lung ailments and 6.7 million individuals of irresistible infections alone, undeniably more than the number slaughtered in the regular or man-made disasters that stand out as truly newsworthy in 2008 † (Shah, 2014).. In this way, it is significance to the social advertising to tackle the issue of human services to impact customers toward wellbeing conduct. This is a result of the qualities of social advertising for wellbeing are intended to accomplishing and keeping up conduct destinations, by getting shoppers and execute increasingly straigh tforward approach to guarantee them to embrace the conduct that the life are improving (Griffiths, Stevens Thorpe et al, 2008). Subsequently, the methodologies of the social advertisers to impact the wellbeing conduct can through the web based life, intervened through a human services specialist and different methods of correspondence (Evans, 2006). Right off the bat, social advertisers utilize the correspondence channels to impact the wellbeing conduct by giving the data of wellbeing through the single direction conveyance of data. It has offered path to a multimodal value-based model of correspondence. It is the best method to contact individuals about medical problems by sending the messages to people groups. This gathering of individuals normally dependent on social segment, social and conduct attributes that might be joined with the conduct change. For instance, the National Cancer Institutes â€Å"five per day for better health† crusade built up a particular messages fo cused on Hispanic individuals, because of national report that they devour less products of the soil and may have social reasons that demoralize them from eating locally accessible produce (Evans, 2006). Next, the second system of the social advertising uses to impact the wellbeing conduct by wellbeing advancement. It will expand the network pledge to create social riches through a fruitful wellbeing advancement projects to urge the networks to create more grounded arranges and long haul creativities that are self-supporting to have a drawn out impact (Griffiths, Stevens Thorpe et al, 2008). Other than that, wellbeing advancement is worried on wellbeing and prosperity results, which improved society wellbeing and lessening the disparities of wellbeing and social. It intends to permit individuals and networks to keep up their own wellbeing and prosperity by fulfillment command over the basic factors that impact wellbeing and prosperity (Griffiths, Stevens Thorpe et al, 2008). Taking everything into account, as closed various creators dependent on above articulation, it shows that the viability of social showcasing on the medical problems and the significance of social advertising to raise the consciousness of wellbeing conduct to decrease the measure of individuals passing on medical issue. Moreover, the following significance of social showcasing to its present condition is natural security. This is because of the individual conduct is the reason for a significant number of ecological issues, absence of control of individual conduct from natural enactment, which regularly center around modern wellsprings of ecological mischief. Other than that, it shows likewise individuals contributed around 32% of the United States ‘’annual ozone harming substance outflows, totalling roughly 8% of worldwide ozone harming substance emissions’’ (Kennedy, 2010). From that point onward, the abuse of agrochemical and pesticides and ill-advised cultivating are one of the fundamental driver to the contamination and debasement to a few land zones national. Also, there is the issue of some land zones contaminated with Agent Orange or dioxin as war outcomes (Hanoi, 2003). Thus, to lessen the gas emanations, a few systems are utilized it, for example, motivations. It are a helpful apparatus to energize singular conduct change, clearly appeared on expanding in reusing, with the gathering furnished with motivations expanding its reusing by 54% (Kennedy, 2010). Besides, execution another Environmental Protection Act in 2004 which expected to control and decrease of natural discharge additionally is one of the methodologies use to secure the earth (Republic of Slovenia, 2010). In different sides, the social advertising exercises intended to address for those particular reusing openings with the State Solid Waste Management Plan gives a perspective, for example, choosing objective gathering and goal. Thus, the â€Å"Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Recycling Litter Prevention has embraced social showcasing strategies to help SWMDs and neighborhood governments meet and surpass the State Plan reusing goals†, for instance, an examination show how the general moving and nearby networks effective accomplished the gathering objectiv e in the 2004 Progress Report of the State Plan, non-membership control side reusing programs announced by SWMDs had expanded from 233 to 352 (Landis, 2005). All in all, it additionally shows how the adequacy the social advertising toward to the earth as the an Earth-wide temperature boost is expanded by year to year. Taking everything into account, it shows the significance of social advertising toward to nature and pointed by various techniques. Additionally, the demarketing likewise is a significance apparatus that utilization to dishearten individuals buy from certain item, for example, liquor and cigarette. Accordingly, the significance of demarketing to its present condition is tobacco utilization. This is because of the tobacco would kill one individual in each ten second and keep expanding to 3 seconds throughout the following 40 years ( Udupa, 2007). Along these lines, it is important to execute the demarketing techniques to take care of the issue. The techniques of demarketing execute to the tobacco utilization is raised cigarette charges, limited smoking in the open territory, offered smoking end administrations decent variety to smokers and directed a forceful paid promoting effort on the perils of ETS and recycled smoking (Gupta, 2014). The reasons for legislature of raise up the assessment on cigarette to constrain the organization to build the value which dishearten the buyer purchase the cigarette. Tobacco tax assessment which gave to customers in the higher cigarette costs has been perceived as one of the best techniques for diminishing smoking and its contradicted wellbeing outcomes (Bader, Boisclair, Ferrence, 2011). For instance, in Texas and Iowa, which each expanded their cigarette burdens by $1.00 in 2007 and indicated the impact of smoker quit from it has improved contrasted with the 2006. It is likewise demonstrating that these endeavors to lessen the smokers after expense increments have essentially improvement (Boonn, 2012). Furthermore, cautioning marks additionally one of the methodologies that disheartening the individuals to smoke. This is because of the notice marks is planned to advise smokers about the wellbeing risks of smoking, urge smokers to stop, and forestall non-smokers to smoke. Moreover, cautioning marks on tobacco items are a method of speaking with smokers. Accordingly, a recent report in Nicotine Tobacco Research found that the majority of smokers in the Unit ed States unequivocally bolstered, a nitty gritty admonition marks like those utilized in Canada, and valued the data they give. Along these lines, it appears in the 2009 New York State Adult Tobacco Survey generally 80% of non-smokers and 58% of smokers in New York bolster the system of caution mark with full data on cigarette packs and the of New Yorkers has expanded essentially after some time( Campaign for tobacco free child). For instance, one of the demarketing endeavors for tobacco control in India was executed guideline in 2001 which incorporated the banning smoking in broad daylight places, prohibiting offer of tobacco to minor, increasingly unmistakable wellbeing cautioning marks and boycott promoting at game and culture occasions. Other than that, Indian parliament presented Tobacco Control Bill 2001 which forbiddance of promotion and guideline of exchange and business, creation, gracefully (Cumminge, 2002). Taking everything into account, it shows the significance of dem arketing to demoralize the individuals from purchasing the cigarette by forced the enactment. Likewise, the following significance of the demarketing to its present condition is restricted the utilization of vehicle. This is expected to as a quick development of the populace, the quantity of utilizing vehicles is expanding and caused to traffic blockage. For instance, as Liu (2014) expressed that around 185,000 vehicles pass through to the city of London in Britain consistently and traffic was more regrettable as the normal speed only 15 kph in 1999. In this manner, it is important to lessen the utilization of vehicle to beat the traffic clog. Thus, there are procedures of demarketing to lessen the utilization of vehicle, for example, blockage charge. It is a monetary method of managing traffic by forcing expenses on vehicle clients that pass through a citys progressively packed streets. After proposed this methodology, the reacted of the clog charge has helped taking care of the traffic issue, increment the funding to assemble open vehicle and ensure condition by decreasing discharges (Liu, 2014). Next, the procedure of demarketing that utilization to constrain the utilization of

Elementary Essay Writing Samples

Elementary Essay Writing SamplesIt is not very difficult to find elementary essay writing samples online, as many websites offer samples of essays. The difficulty lies in deciding which one is the best one for you.There are many elementary essay writing samples that can be very useful, especially if you are in need of essays to help you get a better grade in your current studies. However, they are usually not for free. It would be too easy to get one without paying the price and then simply copy the essay.Take, for example, an essay that you will be required to write for your college essay course. If you spend all your time trying to find samples of essays, you may end up with an essay that is nothing more than you wrote on your own. You will have copied the same arguments, grammar, and writing style that you would use when you prepare your own paper.Once you start copying other people's essays, you will no longer be able to write anything of your own. It is very hard to distinguish yourself from someone else's essay. Most likely, you will also forget what it is that made you do a particular thing. You may even commit errors while copying the work of others, which would not be so apparent if you were writing an original essay.When you do your own essays, you will be able to gain a better understanding of the process and the way that essays should be written. This understanding can then be applied to your assignments and the assignment for a higher grade. Most likely, you will also find that you write better because you are forced to think of new ways to make arguments and to present the information.An excellent way to take advantage of great elementary essay writing samples is to look for them on websites that offer a wide variety of essays. Of course, there are some websites that offer examples of essays that are plagiarized, but most of them offer sample essays that are not the same. These websites offer samples that are representative of a wide range of writ ers, so you can be sure that your papers will be unique and original.However, if you are unsure whether or not you should choose one of these websites, you should review the essays that are offered. This will give you a good idea of whether or not the sample essay you are considering will be the best choice for you. You should also consider how long it will take to get your homework back.Look for more elementary essay writing samples online, or check for one that you can use as a tool in your writing course. It is not difficult to find them, and once you have them, you will be able to write something that is entirely your own. It is important to be self-critical, though, so that you can focus on what makes you a unique writer.

Police Body Camera Argumentative Paper - 1016 Words

Michael Scheldrup Wesbrook Advanced English III March 12, 2015 It’s Time for a Change Social issues have lingered in the shadows of American history since the day that our independence was signed in 1776, a mere two hundred and thirty ­nine years ago. At that time, social issues consisted of our founding father’s debate over which men were to be considered equal, and the social issue of slavery as a whole became prominent to our young nation. From slavery to suffrage, the United States is no stranger to defining these particular social wrongs, and striving to make them right. As time has developed, the issues of old have passed, but now, new ones have arose. Currently, sitting in 2015, the United States is again being†¦show more content†¦This is a defined problem. Despite either the positive or negative intentions of the officers who fired their weapons, each one has a bias, and with that, it can lead to that party giving a skewed opinion on how the events of each occurrence actually went down. The idea of a human source is just simpl y too unreliable, and it comes down our own human nature with bias’, and the fact that every single person has one. The use of body cameras instead in these instances would ultimately resolve this problem. Real footage would clearly display whether or not the use of fatal force was indeed necessary to use upon an unarmed civilian, and if not, it would hold the actually guilty party accountable for their actions. By simply attaching a recording device to an officer’s person, society is able to cut out human bias, and reveal the true nature of the event. The benefit alone in these new technologies makes the investment worth every dollar. Rialto, California has been the poster child for the implementation of body cameras to its local police force for the past few years. Starting in the February 2012, every officer on the force was given a body based camera that was to be worn at all times, and was to be turned on each time an arrest was given or when an encounter with a civilian was held. The statistics nearly a year later are shocking in terms of the effectiveness of the cameras. In that year, the complaints againstShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality And Black Victims1449 Words   |  6 Pagesperiod I would choose to live the United States while police brutality against african americans. But first, what exactly does police brutality define as? Police brutality is the wanton use of excessive force, usually physical, but also common in forms of verbal attacks and psychological intimidation, by a police officer. 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Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmittedRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages Library and information center management / Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran. — 7th ed. p. cm. — (Library and information science text series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–1–59158–408–7 (alk. paper) ISBN 978–1–59158–406–3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Library administration—United States. 2. Information services— United States—Management. I. Moran, Barbara B. II. Title. Z678.S799 2007 025.1—dc22 2007007922 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. CopyrightRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Description Of The And Yahooing We Race Home For Summer...

Hooraying and yahooing we race home for summer vacation. Quickly the neighborhood turns into a paradise for kids with space to recklessly bike ride, chalk games of hopscotch on hot sidewalks, run like mad during red rover, and swing, slide, and build castles in the sandbox from early morning till dark. Yet, the time with Christine is the best; we are inseparable. Living at the other end of our block, across the street in a little white house, she is part of the neighborhood antics but our favorite pastime is cutting out paper dolls. Feeling like grown up six-year-olds, we walk the three blocks to my Great Uncle Lyle’s stationary store where we drool over the variety of paper doll sets. From time to time he awards me a set, but I remember one day when he doesn’t and being quite full of myself, Christine and I select our paper dolls, march to the counter, and inform the clerks to charge it to my mother. Racing home to get our scissors, we find my mother waiting at t he door. Dragging our feet and with long faces we reverse our path, returning empty handed, to spend the remainder of the day creating dolls out of corn husks and silk. Other days we arrange furniture in the enormous dollhouse at my grandparents and one afternoon grandpa allows us to paint it. It doesn’t matter what we are doing, the principal thing is that we are together. Sadly, the summer before the start of Fourth Grade, Christine moves to California with her family. My soul mourns for years and I

Americas Reluctance to Deal With Gangs and Gang Crime...

The United States of America faces a highly complex problem that is threatening to destroy the fabric of its unique urban society. This problem has been developing for many years and has become entwined into the core of American society to such a point where it has virtually become accepted as the norm to the millions of people whose quality of life has been greatly reduced by it. The problem in its most simple form is crime, however, this is evident as a problem that demands improvement in nearly every country throughout the world, so this essay will look closely at the crime problem that has become synonymous with modern day urban America - gang crime. To fully understand the detrimental†¦show more content†¦The modern settlement system of the United States of America has developed over the last 400 years from the early European pioneers initially based on the east coast. The pioneers were the catalyst of the unparalleled emergence of small towns, some of which were eventually to grow into todays metropolitan areas. As the frontier reached further into the western areas of America more settlements began to appear on the landscape, and so began the process of urbanisation. The first signs of gang activity were becoming apparent during the late 19th century as urban America began to develop into two widely contrasting and disconnected societies. The two societies consisted of the poor and the affluent. Goldfield and Brownell (1979) indicateShow MoreRelated Youth Gangs Across the Globe Essay4796 Words   |  20 PagesMost gangs are created to form a sense of power and control. All types of problems are presented to the youths of today growing up in major cities. Before being so eager to jump to conclusions, we must try to understand these problems, or we will never find a solution to them. Gang members are out there trying to find a family that some never had. It may not seem like much to you - an abandoned house or a park - but it becomes a place to call their own. It’s easy to say â€Å"why don’t they everRead MoreWilliam Bratton and the Nypd12122 Words   |  49 Pagesyale case 07-015 rev. february 12, 2008 William Bratton and the NYPD Crime Control through Middle Management Reform Andrea R. Nagy1 Joel Podolny2 William Bratton, commissioner of the New York Police Department from 1994 to 1996, presided over a dramatic decline in the city’s crime rate. Hired by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani as part of a new crime fighting initiative, Bratton embraced the â€Å"broken windows† theory that had made him so successful as chief of the city’s transit police. According toRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagespoint by including the last decades of the 1800s, which are critical for all of the key subjects and processes considered—from demographic and gender shifts to war, the rise and decline of the great powers, and environmental change. Each essay deals with an underlying and all-encompassing process that in its depth and magnitude is one of the more distinctive features that is definitive for the era as a whole—the advance and retreat of the process of globalization. 8 †¢ INTRODUCTION Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pageslicense their search technology to other firms wishing to use it for research, found few takers. Eventually they went the venture capital route. But Brin and Page insisted on keeping control of Google’s destiny and remain majority owners, or it was no deal. On June 7, 1999, less than one year after they left Stanford, they issued a press release announcing that two venture capital firms, Kleiner Perkins and Sequoia Capital, were investing $25 million in Google. On the Stanford campus and around PaloRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManagement Skills—A Sample of Studies RESULTS STUDY ⠝  RESPONDENTS †¢ FOCUS ⠝  Andersen Consulting (2000) †¢ Study of Andersen partners, consultants, and client leaders Employee skills Creativity Team building Resilience/flexibility Technical competence Deal with ambiguity Speed Emotional intelligence Communication skills Leadership attributes Less controlling Shares authority Culturally attuned Encourages challenge Clear vision Comfortable with risk Creates a motivated business Manages intellectual

Domestic Violence In Lesbian Relationships Essay Research free essay sample

Domestic Violence In Lesbian Relationships Essay, Research Paper Domestic Violence in Lesbian Relationships ( This was written as the concluding paper for the category # 8220 ; Dynamics and Impact of Domestic Violence, ALDAC 295 # 8243 ; at Bellevue Community College, November 26, 1990. ) by NightOwl? NightOwl 1990 This paper is an effort to analyze domestic force in sapphic relationships, and the modern response to it, in a societal and historical context. I chose to analyze domestic force within sapphic relationships in an effort to look at force in relationships outside the context of male and female. I did this because the popular beliefs that work forces are maltreaters and adult females are abused made it hard to discourse or see what was really happening in these troubled relationships, and what each spouse contributed to the moral force. ( Now, in 1997, those attitudes and beliefs have become imbedded into jurisprudence and pattern, peculiarly since the O.J. Simpson test, and it is even more hard to try a treatment on these issues. In an increasing figure of occasions, the Torahs passed to command domestic force have become a signifier of force in themselves. However, the thought that at least on occasion these Torahs, and their enforcement, may be a beginning of societal jobs, instead than the solution, is ignored or shouted down. I can merely trust that in the following few old ages, as more and more middle- category households experience what happens when, in their sentiment, an ordinary intense dissension between two people in a relationship turns into an emotional and fiscal catastrophe because of intercession by the legal system, these Torahs will be amended to reflect existent societal demands. ) THE SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF VIOLENCE AS A MEANS OF CONTROL OR AS A SIMPLE, Even PREFERRED, SOLUTION TO PROBLEMS In 1985 one fifth of the universes population was populating under military controlled authoritiess ( Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book ) , and it may around half now since China so viciously squashed its citizens # 8217 ; travel toward democracy ( Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book ) . The reunion of Germany and the alterations taking topographic point in the Soviet Union have happened excessively late to foretell whether the forces that move states toward democracy will predominate. One tierce of the universe # 8217 ; s states practiced anguish between 1980 and 1986. It is estimated that universe military outgos in 1986 were $ 850 billion ( Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book ) . The top three states in the universe in per capita per centum of their population in prison in 1985, and in order, are the Soviet Union, South Africa and the U.S. In 1985, 69 per centum of the $ 2.1 billion federal antidrug budget went to jurisprudence enforcement compared to 1 % to drug instruction to cut down usage ( Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book ) . The figure of people in prison in the United States has more than doubled in the last 12 old ages. Do you experience safer on the street? Violence, and the portraiture of force, is one of our head signifiers of amusement in the U.S. Sports, ( where people suffer many hurts ) , violent telecasting and the physical penalty of kids are widely accepted and supported. The mean American kid has seen 16,000 slayings portrayed on telecasting by age 16. Eighty-three per centum of American parents reported that they spank their kids in 1985, though merely 40 per centum said they consider paddling effectual. There is a great trade of contention sing how much physical penalty school, juvenile detainment, prison, etc. , forces should be allowed to administrate. Physical penalty for jurisprudence or regulation surfs has strong support. The U.S. is one of the few industrialised states in the universe that has no cosmopolitan wellness insurance, no province supported child care for every kid who needs it, and that allows the decease punishment. A FEW OF THE FORCES AND BELIEFS THAT SHAPE US AS A NATION AND AS INDIVIDUALS, PARTICULARLY REGARDING INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS In 1985, 57 per centum of American adult females believed in love at first sight, and 66 per centum of work forces did. Thirty-nine per centum of American fifth-graders reported that they were in love. Merely seven per centum of adolescents reported that their favourite vocals were about sex, force, diabolism or drugs, while 26 per centum liked love vocals the best. Local and national Miss America competitions were # 1 among all beginnings of college scholarship money for American adult females. Approximately 40 per centum of the entire fiction book market in the U.S. is Romance novels and about 25 per centum of American adult females over age 18 read them obsessively at a rate of 8-12 per month. The subjects of # 8220 ; the more powerful, and slightly opprobrious, somewhat older male foremost defying and so falling in love with and being transformed by the # 8220 ; love # 8221 ; of the pure, and instead guiltless, adult female # 8221 ; are permeant. Attempts at communicating between these two foreigner species in the book, the male species and the female species, is presented as being confused and near to impossible. The scenario of the adult female being abused, battered and even raped many times in the book by the hero and/or other males before the # 8220 ; love conquers all differences and they get merrily married of all time after # 8221 ; stoping is besides permeant. # 8220 ; Pretty Woman # 8221 ; , one of the largest grossing films of the twelvemonth, is a perfect illustration of the criterion # 8220 ; love affair # 8221 ; genre and the American ideal of love and relationships. In the book, # 8220 ; Swept Away, Why Womans Fear Their Own Sexuality # 8221 ; , Carol Cassell provinces, # 8220 ; We are invariably bombarded with the message that love affair is the ultimate end for a adult female and the lone acceptable rational for her desire. Equally shortly as a adult female feels a physical jerk for a adult male, she transforms it into a romantic play # 8212 ; wonderfully, gleefully she begins to float into love because she is aroused. Transported and transformed, she becomes Swept Away. But when a relationship begins because of a phantasy, and non because of a clear-sighted appraisal of who the adult female is, who the adult male is, and what they each want and expect, semblances are bound to crumple. We exchange the brief minutes of euphory we get when we # 8220 ; autumn in love # 8221 ; for long hours of depression, choler, and ill will when an brush doesn # 8217 ; t follow the fabricated class we have plotted. # 8221 ; In 1982, Harlequin Enterprises, Inc. entirely sold 109 million love affair novels, chiefly to adult females. Love affair novels are womens # 8217 ; erotica. They portray the perfect romantic fantasy American adult females have been socialized to believe is possible, desirable, and the yardstick by which they and their intimate relationships should be measured. There are many other publishing houses of this type of novel, plus the huge bulk of merchandises sold in the U.S. usage sex and/or love affair as the hook to increase gross revenues. Our consumer driven society requires a immense market for apparels, make- up, autos, bigger places, and work forces and adult females seduced by the thought that merely when they get these ideal goods will they get the ideal relationship that will run into all their demands, make up for every letdown and do their life complete. There is a batch of money to be made in selling the American dream, and there is a batch of money to be made in converting adult females that they should non truly strive for equality in all countries, to go full grownup spouses in relationships, alternatively hold some # 8220 ; true love # 8221 ; . Arnold Lazarus, writer of # 8220 ; Marital Myths # 8221 ; lists # 8220 ; Husbands and Wives Should Be Best Friends # 8221 ; as myth # 1, and # 8220 ; Romantic Love Makes A Good Marriage # 8221 ; as myth # 2. After indicating out that matrimony licences are issued by the province with no demand to turn out competence to get one, he suggests that # 8220 ; If people wrote out occupation descriptions, to the full naming precisely what they wished to give and acquire from matrimony, and if each possible spouse studied the other # 8217 ; s lists before acquiring engaged, much heartache and many dotted hopes could be averted. To make this we would hold to analyze love and love affair, masculine and feminine, and many more of our precious hopes and dreams. While Americans believe in love affair, they besides are going more and more scared of each other, without much footing in fact. In 1985 53 per centum of Americans believed that offense was increasing in the country in which they live, while the existent offense rate had gone down 16 per centum. Forty-five per centum of Americans neer read books, 39 per centum neer go to the films. But the telecasting is on seven hours per twenty-four hours in the mean American place ( Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book ) . All over the universe the gait of alteration is increasing and societies feel as if they are whirling out of control, as every 8 old ages the entire sum of information stored in the libraries and computing machines of the universe doubles ( Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book ) . These are merely few of the forces behind the increased force per unit area on relationships in the U.S. In the industrialised universe, the United States has twice the single teenage birth rate as the following two highest rivals, Great Britain and Canada, and seven times the rate of the lowest, The Netherlands. The U.S. besides has a immense societal motion to forestall teens, ( and grownups ) both male and female, from geting accurate and realistic information about gender, feasible contraceptive method or entree to medically supervised abortion. The addition in population worldwide is highest in the states with the least health care, instruction and life conditions for both adult females and work forces. Many of those same states besides have the fewest rights for adult females, and the most barbarous conditions for all their citizens, with adult females and kids frequently enduring the most. In the sentiment of many people, this increasing universe population may take to the prostration of universe environment. THE HISTORY OF THE MODERN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE MOVEMENT IN THE U.S. The modern response to domestic force came out of the Women # 8217 ; s Liberation Movement which began in the 1960 # 8217 ; s. As the adult females who participated in the Civil Rights Movement and the Anti-Vietnam war motion began to use the same category analysis to their ain position in society, all snake pit broke free. At first the work forces in those motions wholly rejected any suggestion that they were suppressing the adult females working by their sides and the suggestion that they, in fact, were the receivers of the same kinds of privileges and wagess from their subjugation of adult females that Caucasians got from the subjugation of Afro- Americans and that Americans got from the subjugation of Third World peoples. There were some truly monumental confrontations. Over clip, and out of a willingness on the portion of some of the adult females and fewer of the work forces in these motions, the thought of doing the personal political and the political personal arose and # 8220 ; consciousness raising # 8221 ; was born. The attempt to understand how the traditions of society form the outlooks and behaviours of the people in that society has led to immense societal alteration. Of class the altering demands of society, and technological promotions besides assisted in the success of this motion. As persons began making serious analysis of society, the spread between beliefs normally accepted and what the worlds truly were, astounded most of those making the research, and the people who were working for societal justness. When Walker and other adult females and work forces began making research in the mid 70 # 8217 ; s to find how much force was happening between partners, the first thing they all discovered was that there had been no old research in this country. For illustration, John O # 8217 ; Brien, who wrote # 8220 ; Violence in Divorce-Prone Families # 8221 ; ( 1974 ) stated: # 8220 ; In the index for all editions of # 8220 ; The Journal of Marriage and the Family # 8221 ; , from its origin in 1939 through 1969, non a individual article can be found which contains the word # 8220 ; force # 8221 ; in the rubric # 8230 ; .Apparently force # 8230 ; .was either assumed to be excessively huffy an issue for research or else thought to be unimportant as a characteristic in normal # 8221 ; families. # 8221 ; As the Women # 8217 ; s Movement gained strength and credibleness, more and more attending has been directed to detecting and describing what life is truly similar for households in the United States, in contrast to the cultural myths that we wish were true. From its beginnings in the mid- 60 # 8217 ; s, the Women # 8217 ; s motion is coercing society to analyze itself and alterations are coming really rapidly. By January 1978, when the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights held a national hearing on adult females abuse in Washington, D.C. , 100s of advocators for beat-up adult females from all over the U.S. attended. The organisation of what would go the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence ( NCADV ) began at that place. Forty lesbians among those advocators met individually to discourse banging in the Lesbian community and homophobia in the DV motion. The issue was so volatile that it was dropped and non discussed once more, even among the attention tribades, until two old age s subsequently at the first NCADV conference. THE RECOGNITION OF LESBIAN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE This first measure of acknowledging the world of buffeting in sapphic relationships threatened the dream of a sapphic Utopia, i.e. a society with none of the societal jobs caused by the patriarchate. It took a few old ages after the heterosexual DV motion got traveling for it to get down to be discussed, even though big Numberss of the original workers in the DV organisations were tribades. Many tribades wanted to believe that merely bar-Dykes and dikes or practicians of S A ; M were batterers, or that buffeting within the sapphic community occurred rarely and was non # 8220 ; existent # 8221 ; banging, and that in any instance, it could be rapidly resolved. This reluctance to turn to sapphic banging is ongoing. However, in all parts of the sapphic community, including among Leather Dykes and S A ; M lifestylists it is get downing to be acknowledged and a response is constructing. SIMILARITIES BETWEEN HETEROSEXUAL AND LESBIAN BATTERING Denial and incredulity sing the being of and badness of domestic force are present in both the heterosexual community and the sapphic community. Peoples in both tend to first inquire the individual being battered what they are making to convey on the maltreatment, instead than what can be done to halt it. The heterosexual community is in front in conveying the actuality of buffeting to visible radiation, but in both communities militants are still contending an acclivitous conflict to be heard and to be adequately funded. In both communities victims of buffeting have a great trade of trouble in placing the world of their state of affairss, and in deciding them, whether by acquiring out or halting the maltreatment while remaining. There is a enormous sum of shame involved in acknowledging that banging is taking topographic point. Treatment for batterers is in its babyhood. There is confusion about how to place and rectify what is the duty of the batterer and what is the duty of the vi ctim. In both communities the inclination to put the entire duty on either the victim or the batterer is really common. The desire to see things in a simplistic manner, taking up sides and demanding that everyone agree to the politically right point of position of the minute, will doubtless utilize up a batch of energy and drive many people off from trying political action. It does look that our society is urgently looking for # 8220 ; those whose mistake it is # 8221 ; so they can be punished and so everything will be all right. I do trust that everyone keeps in head how easy it seems to be for human existences to warrant suppressing or killing each other in big Numberss, frequently over political or spiritual points of position. Nazi Germany, the Great Cultural Revolution of China, the violent death of most educated people in Cambodia ( anyone who wore spectacless was identified as person who could likely read and therefore worthy of executing ) , the Stalinist purgings, the internment of the Nipponese during WWII in the U.S. , and after that, the AntiCommunist McCarthy Witchhunts of the 50 # 8217 ; s, the ongoing force in Northern Ireland, and the jobs in the Middle East, come to mind as recent illustrations of the impulse to fault and penalize. While the Nipponese internment and the McCarthy trueness purgings didn # 8217 ; t ensue in many deceases, we should non acquire excessively self-satisfied. Thousands of people were driven out of their occupations and lost their places and much else. Most of our present societal reform motions, including the modern DV motion, came straight out of the organisations that developed in response to those unfairnesss and the violent deaths by the Nazis. Domestic force in sapphic and hetero relationships both can be examined utilizing the abuse/battering spectrum # 8212 ; integrating emotional/psychological, sexual, social/environmental and physical maltreatment. The rhythm of tenseness edifice, outburst and repentance/honeymoon is the same. The batterers batter for the same ground, i.e. to acquire their spouse to act in a coveted manner. The victims stay for the same grounds, i.e. being in a relationship is really of import, they love their spouse and hope they will alter, they fear life on their ain, they believe it when their spouse promises it will non go on once more, and so on. Often both batterers and victims where raised in households where force occurred, or where really dysfunctional power kineticss were the norm. Both normally believe the same myths about how relationships should be. Differences BETWEEN HETEROSEXUAL AND LESBIAN BATTERING, AND SPECIAL PROBLEMS FACED BY LESBIANS IN A BATTERING RELATIONSHIP There are no important differences between abuse/battering in a heterosexual or in a sapphic relationship. However, as a really little and socially repressed community, lesbians face force per unit areas and jobs that are non of concern in hetero relationships. In hetero relationships normally both sets of parents know that the relationship exists and admit it as a valid relationship, even if they do non O.K. of the pick of spouse. The same can be said for work and other societal associations. This may non be true in a sapphic relationship, and in fact it is improbable to be true. Bing a tribade is non widely accepted in society, and being in a sapphic relationship even less so. We have a slightly deformed position here in Seattle, where the gay/lesbian ballot can alter the result of elections if these electors are non treated with regard. This is rarely true in the remainder of the U.S. and even here sapphic relationships are non widely given the societal position routinely experienced by a hetero twosome. Since they can non go lawfully married, issues of belongings rights, parental rights, and others are really clouded. Both persons can utilize the menace of exposure to command the other, or if one tribade is â€Å"out† and the other non, this can easy be used as a arm of control. Besides the external homophobia in society, which few straight persons have any existent apprehension of, there is the issue of internalized homophobia. After all, tribades grew up in this society which does non take adult females earnestly, and peculiarly adult females who step outside the recognized functions of good small married woman and female parent. So internalized homophobia, being ashamed of one # 8217 ; s gender and individuality, inquiring if some of the contempt and favoritism might be deserved, and general low ego regard is rather common among both homosexuals and tribades. And illustration of internalized homophobia occurred this twelvemonth when I invited a homosexual friend to come March in the Gay/Lesbian Pride Parade in June. In response to my invitation he replied, # 8220 ; Gay Pride, what a gag, it should be called Gay Shame. Don # 8217 ; t ask for me to take part in that travesty! # 8221 ; That was a peculiarly clear illustration. Lesbian twosomes are forced even more strongly that hetero twosomes to depend on each other and on their relationship for making a safe and hearty life. Since hetero twosomes are happening this progressively hard to make in the face of the dislocation of our society, it is non surprising that sapphic twosomes find this an extra beginning of force per unit area on the relationship. Society expects adult females to be nicer, more lovingness and less sexual than work forces, so lesbians carry those stereotypes as to how they should be. If anything, tribades may be more caught up in the romantic myths than heteros. When the twosome has troubles being nice, caring and sexually compatible, it threatens their internal beliefs about how adult females are, and makes it more hard to seek to analyze what is incorrect in the relationship. Lesbians, being adult females, normally have more fiscal emphasis in their relationships as good paying occupations, and occupations with wellness insurance, are much less available to them. Since they can non lawfully marry, even if one spouse has wellness insurance through their occupation, it can non be extended to their spouse as a occupation benefit. If they decide to hold and raise a kid together, society does non acknowledge that the spouse who did non give birth has any claim at all on the kid, even if she has participated 100 % from before the minute of its construct in the kid # 8217 ; s life, financially and in every other manner. The jurisprudence does non let another individual of the same sex to jointly follow a kid, although this is presently being challenged. AVAILABILITY OF SERVICES FOR LESBIANS While many shelters admit battered tribades, the adult female may non be comfy in placing herself as a tribade within the shelter. She may non be # 8220 ; out # 8221 ; at all, and yet when discoursing the banging, may hold trouble in ever connoting that her spouse is male. It may be easier for a adult female to larn the location of battered adult females # 8217 ; shelters. A per centum of the adult females working in the shelters are tribades, and they may non handle buffeting within sapphic relationships every bit earnestly as that in heterosexual relationships. So concealing out in a shelter may be out of the inquiry for a beat-up sapphic if her spouse is determined to happen her and face her. If the tribade is an S A ; M lifestylist, many shelters might non acknowledge her, believing that there is no difference between buffeting and SM and that any adult female involved in such a relationship is acquiring what she asked for. Many healers portion this position to the point of being unwilling to even inquire any inquiries, so guidance may be unavailable. The shelter itself may be hesitating to let tribades to be at that place or work at that place for fright that if the shelter becomes known as a topographic point that allows tribades, they may lose their support from the community. While the adult females # 8217 ; motion in general has stopped rejecting tribades, the larger society has non, and the shelters exist within that context. Particularly in communities with less gay/lesbian activism, a beat-up tribade or sapphic twosome who need aid may be hesitating to travel into any kind of reding for fright the counsellor will merely seek to handle them for # 8220 ; sapphism # 8221 ; . PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE IN SERVICES TO REDUCE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN LESBIAN RELATIONSHIPS The chances for the hereafter for both hetero and gay/lesbian domestic force decrease is really good. The growing of this motion has been perfectly phenomenal! While it may look much excessively slow to those in the trenches, if looked at historically, it is constructing at an amazing rate. It takes about 50 old ages for a political alteration to come to full fruition. Since the domestic force motion is about 15 old ages old, I hope in minutes of disheartenment that all those involved can take bosom from the immense alteration in public instruction and sentiment that has taken topographic point in such a short clip. I besides unfeignedly hope that many of the people now going involved in halting DV Don # 8217 ; t go so angry and impatient that they drop out of societal activism wholly. Social alteration takes a long clip and there is no other manner to make it. If these were simple jobs, we would hold solved them by now. Many sincere, well-meaning people work on societal issues from many different points of position. Peoples who do non hold to the one perfect solution do non hold to be seen as enemies. Bing a societal militant means covering continually with hard and disconcerting jobs, holding to larn to work with people who have really different points of position about the nature of the job and the best solution, continually educating yourself and being willing to be educated by others ( including some you don # 8217 ; t like ) , rarely if of all time being thanked or understood by the society you are seeking to assist, and larning to take attention of yourself and maintain your sense of wit while it feels as if you were trying to dunk out the ocean with a teacup. Together I hope we will go on to work to make a society that meets the demands of the largest possible figure of people while besides salvaging the Earth. ( As is usual in societal alteration, nil turns out even somewhat like you hoped. The current craze over DV has created a monster in the signifier of Torahs and patterns which fail to know apart between force and normal human clash in relationships. I fear many people will pass a batch of money, and clip in gaol before these Torahs are reformed. ) Resource ( delight maintain in head this list was written in 1990-I hope to update it shortly. ) Advocates for Abused A ; Battered Lesbians ( AABL ) . A support group for Lesbians who are controlled, isolated, humiliated or abused by their Lesbian lovers. Tuesday 7-8:30 p.m. Name 206-328-3442 for location. Battered Lesbian Resource Committee. A support group for beat-up Lesbians, and a commission working on other issues environing Lesbian Battering. Name 206-322-DYKE and inquire to talk to person from the B.L.R.C. A Lesbian Resource Center sponsored group. Beyond the Closet Bookstore. Seattle # 8217 ; s merely entirely Lesbian and Gay bookstore. 1501 Belmont Ave. at Pike St. , Seattle 98122. 206-322- 4609. Domestic Abuse Women # 8217 ; s Network. Aid for beat-up adult females in the South King County country. Support groups, legal protagonism, 24 hr crisis line, safe places, community instruction, 206-854-7867. Lesbian Resource Center ( Pacific Women # 8217 ; s Resources ) . Offers a drop-in centre, imparting library, comprehensive newssheet of Lesbian events, undertakings and plans, ongoing support groups such as Lesbians of Color, Over Forty, Coming Out, Lesbians in Transition. Volunteers are most welcome for all LRC activities. M-F 2-7pm. 1208 E Pine. 322-3953. Seattle Counseling Service for Sexual Minorities. 206-282-9307 Mon- Fri noon-9pm, phone guidance, crisis intercession, information and referral, single, twosome, household and groups reding available for sexual minorities and concerned others. 200 W Mercer, Suite 300, Seattle, WA 98119. Business phone 206-282-9314 M-F 9-5. Bibliography # 8220 ; Behind Closed Doors: Battering and Abuse in the Lesbian and Gay Community # 8221 ; , Elizabeth Walker, MA, The Sourcebook on Lesbian and Gay Healthcare, National Lesbian and Gay Health Foundation, Washington, D.C. 1986 # 8220 ; Can We Talk # 8221 ; , Peggy Taylor, New Age Journal, Dec 1990, pgs 31-33, 60-64, 107-108 # 8220 ; Chapter Three, The Social and Legal History of Wife Beating # 8221 ; , Roger Langley and Richard Levy, Wife Beating, the soundless crisis, Pocket Books 1977, pgs 44-57 # 8220 ; Chapter Eleven, Battered Men # 8221 ; , Roger Langley and Richard Levy, Wife Beating, the soundless crisis, Pocket Books 1977, pgs 198-208 Geting Free, a enchiridion for adult females in opprobrious relationships, Ginny NiCarthy, Seal Press, Seattle 1982, pgs 35-54 # 8220 ; The Codependent Cinderella Who Loves Too Much # 8230 ; Fights Back # 8221 ; , Marianne Walters, The Family Networker, July/Aug 1990, pgs 53-57 # 8220 ; Groups For Lesbians # 8221 ; a subchapter of # 8220 ; Groups for Special Populations # 8221 ; , NiCarthy, Merriam and Coffman, Talking It Out, a usher to groups for abused adult females, Seal Press, Seattle 1984, pgs 130-138 The Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book, 1,159 Numberss that count from the Harper # 8217 ; s magazine index, America # 8217 ; s favourite list of critical statistics, Lapham et al editors, Holt and Co. 1987 # 8220 ; A House Divided: Violence in the Lesbian S/M Community # 8221 ; , Pat Califia, Living in Leather V, Portland, OR 1990 # 8220 ; Husbands and married womans should be best friends, Myth # 1 # 8243 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 7-11 # 8220 ; Introduction # 8221 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 1-6 # 8220 ; Leaving and Staying Away # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy, The Ones Who Got Away, adult females who left opprobrious spouses, Seal Press, Seattle 1987, pgs 309-325 # 8220 ; Lesbian Abuse # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy and Sue Daividson, You Can Be Free, an easy to read enchiridion for abused adult females, Seal Press, Seattle 1989, pgs 103-108 # 8220 ; Emotional Safety as a Bottom # 8221 ; , Dana Rosenfeld, The Lesbian S/M Safety Manual, Lace Publications, Boston 1988, pgs 1-3 # 8220 ; Lessons From the Women Who Got Away # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy, The Ones Who Got Away, adult females who left opprobrious spouses, Seal Press, Seattle 1987, pgs 294-308 Loveshock, how to retrieve from a broken bosom and love once more, Stephen Guillo, PhD and Connie Church, Simon and Schuster 1988, pgs 11-21, 43- 77, 90-95, 135-153, 165-181 # 8220 ; Mass Market Romance: Pornography for Women is Different # 8221 ; , Ann Barr Snitow, Powers of Desire, the political relations of gender, Monthly Review Press 1983, pgs 245-263 Naming the Violence: speech production out about sapphic banging, Seal Press, Seattle 1986 # 8220 ; The New Romanticism: Illusions and Realities # 8221 ; , Morton Hunt, The Natural History of Love, Minerva Press 1959, pgs 363-371 A ; 396 # 8220 ; Romantic love makes a good matrimony, Myth # 2 # 8243 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 12-17 Swept Away: why adult females fear their ain gender, Carol Cassell, PhD. , Simon and Schuster 1984, pg 26 # 8220 ; Dissolving Gender Roles # 8221 ; , Andrew Meacham, Changes, for and about grownup kids, Mar/Ap 1990, pgs 23 A ; 56 # 8220 ; Us and Them # 8221 ; , Maggie Scarf, The Family Networker, Sept/Oct 1989, pgs 62-67 # 8220 ; Whats Wrong With Relationships Today? # 8221 ; , Andrew Meacham, Changes, for and about grownup kids, Mar/Ap 1990, pgs 22-23, 52-54 Night Owl Home # 8220 ; Behind Closed Doors: Battering and Abuse in the Lesbian and Gay Community # 8221 ; , Elizabeth Walker, MA, The Sourcebook on Lesbian and Gay Healthcare, National Lesbian and Gay Health Foundation, Washington, D.C. 1986 # 8220 ; Can We Talk # 8221 ; , Peggy Taylor, New Age Journal, Dec 1990, pgs 31-33, 60-64, 107-108 # 8220 ; Chapter Three, The Social and Legal History of Wife Beating # 8221 ; , Roger Langley and Richard Levy, Wife Beating, the soundless crisis, Pocket Books 1977, pgs 44-57 # 8220 ; Chapter Eleven, Battered Men # 8221 ; , Roger Langley and Richard Levy, Wife Beating, the soundless crisis, Pocket Books 1977, pgs 198-208 Geting Free, a enchiridion for adult females in opprobrious relationships, Ginny NiCarthy, Seal Press, Seattle 1982, pgs 35-54 # 8220 ; The Codependent Cinderella Who Loves Too Much # 8230 ; Fights Back # 8221 ; , Marianne Walters, The Family Networker, July/Aug 1990, pgs 53-57 # 8220 ; Groups For Lesbians # 8221 ; a subchapter of # 8220 ; Groups for Special Populations # 8221 ; , NiCarthy, Merriam and Coffman, Talking It Out, a usher to groups for abused adult females, Seal Press, Seattle 1984, pgs 130-138 The Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book, 1,159 Numberss that count from the Harper # 8217 ; s magazine index, America # 8217 ; s favourite list of critical statistics, Lapham et al editors, Holt and Co. 1987 # 8220 ; A House Divided: Violence in the Lesbian S/M Community # 8221 ; , Pat Califia, Living in Leather V, Portland, OR 1990 # 8220 ; Husbands and married womans should be best friends, Myth # 1 # 8243 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 7-11 # 8220 ; Introduction # 8221 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 1-6 # 8220 ; Leaving and Staying Away # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy, The Ones Who Got Away, adult females who left opprobrious spouses, Seal Press, Seattle 1987, pgs 309-325 # 8220 ; Lesbian Abuse # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy and Sue Daividson, You Can Be Free, an easy to read enchiridion for abused adult females, Seal Press, Seattle 1989, pgs 103-108 # 8220 ; Emotional Safety as a Bottom # 8221 ; , Dana Rosenfeld, The Lesbian S/M Safety Manual, Lace Publications, Boston 1988, pgs 1-3 # 8220 ; Lessons From the Women Who Got Away # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy, The Ones Who Got Away, adult females who left opprobrious spouses, Seal Press, Seattle 1987, pgs 294-308 Loveshock, how to retrieve from a broken bosom and love once more, Stephen Guillo, PhD and Connie Church, Simon and Schuster 1988, pgs 11-21, 43- 77, 90-95, 135-153, 165-181 # 8220 ; Mass Market Romance: Pornography for Women is Different # 8221 ; , Ann Barr Snitow, Powers of Desire, the political relations of gender, Monthly Review Press 1983, pgs 245-263 Naming the Violence: speech production out about sapphic banging, Seal Press, Seattle 1986 # 8220 ; The New Romanticism: Illusions and Realities # 8221 ; , Morton Hunt, The Natural History of Love, Minerva Press 1959, pgs 363-371 A ; 396 # 8220 ; Romantic love makes a good matrimony, Myth # 2 # 8243 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 12-17 Swept Away: why adult females fear their ain gender, Carol Cassell, PhD. , Simon and Schuster 1984, pg 26 # 8220 ; Dissolving Gender Roles # 8221 ; , Andrew Meacham, Changes, for and about grownup kids, Mar/Ap 1990, pgs 23 A ; 56 # 8220 ; Us and Them # 8221 ; , Maggie Scarf, The Family Networker, Sept/Oct 1989, pgs 62-67 # 8220 ; Whats Wrong With Relationships Today? # 8221 ; , Andrew Meacham, Changes, for and about grownup kids, Mar/Ap 1990, pgs 22-23, 52-54 Bibliography # 8220 ; Behind Closed Doors: Battering and Abuse in the Lesbian and Gay Community # 8221 ; , Elizabeth Walker, MA, The Sourcebook on Lesbian and Gay Healthcare, National Lesbian and Gay Health Foundation, Washington, D.C. 1986 # 8220 ; Can We Talk # 8221 ; , Peggy Taylor, New Age Journal, Dec 1990, pgs 31-33, 60-64, 107-108 # 8220 ; Chapter Three, The Social and Legal History of Wife Beating # 8221 ; , Roger Langley and Richard Levy, Wife Beating, the soundless crisis, Pocket Books 1977, pgs 44-57 # 8220 ; Chapter Eleven, Battered Men # 8221 ; , Roger Langley and Richard Levy, Wife Beating, the soundless crisis, Pocket Books 1977, pgs 198-208 Geting Free, a enchiridion for adult females in opprobrious relationships, Ginny NiCarthy, Seal Press, Seattle 1982, pgs 35-54 # 8220 ; The Codependent Cinderella Who Loves Too Much # 8230 ; Fights Back # 8221 ; , Marianne Walters, The Family Networker, July/Aug 1990, pgs 53-57 # 8220 ; Groups For Lesbians # 8221 ; a subchapter of # 8220 ; Groups for Special Populations # 8221 ; , NiCarthy, Merriam and Coffman, Talking It Out, a usher to groups for abused adult females, Seal Press, Seattle 1984, pgs 130-138 The Harper # 8217 ; s Index Book, 1,159 Numberss that count from the Harper # 8217 ; s magazine index, America # 8217 ; s favourite list of critical statistics, Lapham et al editors, Holt and Co. 1987 # 8220 ; A House Divided: Violence in the Lesbian S/M Community # 8221 ; , Pat Califia, Living in Leather V, Portland, OR 1990 # 8220 ; Husbands and married womans should be best friends, Myth # 1 # 8243 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 7-11 # 8220 ; Introduction # 8221 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 1-6 # 8220 ; Leaving and Staying Away # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy, The Ones Who Got Away, adult females who left opprobrious spouses, Seal Press, Seattle 1987, pgs 309-325 # 8220 ; Lesbian Abuse # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy and Sue Daividson, You Can Be Free, an easy to read enchiridion for abused adult females, Seal Press, Seattle 1989, pgs 103-108 # 8220 ; Emotional Safety as a Bottom # 8221 ; , Dana Rosenfeld, The Lesbian S/M Safety Manual, Lace Publications, Boston 1988, pgs 1-3 # 8220 ; Lessons From the Women Who Got Away # 8221 ; , Ginny NiCarthy, The Ones Who Got Away, adult females who left opprobrious spouses, Seal Press, Seattle 1987, pgs 294-308 Loveshock, how to retrieve from a broken bosom and love once more, Stephen Guillo, PhD and Connie Church, Simon and Schuster 1988, pgs 11-21, 43- 77, 90-95, 135-153, 165-181 # 8220 ; Mass Market Romance: Pornography for Women is Different # 8221 ; , Ann Barr Snitow, Powers of Desire, the political relations of gender, Monthly Review Press 1983, pgs 245-263 Naming the Violence: speech production out about sapphic banging, Seal Press, Seattle 1986 # 8220 ; The New Romanticism: Illusions and Realities # 8221 ; , Morton Hunt, The Natural History of Love, Minerva Press 1959, pgs 363-371 A ; 396 # 8220 ; Romantic love makes a good matrimony, Myth # 2 # 8243 ; , Arnold Lazarus PhD, Marital Myths, Impact Publishers 1985, pgs 12-17 Swept Away: why adult females fear their ain gender, Carol Cassell, PhD. , Simon and Schuster 1984, pg 26 # 8220 ; Dissolving Gender Roles # 8221 ; , Andrew Meacham, Changes, for and about grownup kids, Mar/Ap 1990, pgs 23 A ; 56 # 8220 ; Us and Them # 8221 ; , Maggie Scarf, The Family Networker, Sept/Oct 1989, pgs 62-67 # 8220 ; Whats Wrong With Relationships Today? # 8221 ; , Andrew Meacham, Changes, for and about grownup kids, Mar/Ap 1990, pgs 22-23, 52-54